In its most general sense research implies creating new knowledge by using existing knowledge, level of research is distinguished by its scope and depth. Doctoral level research is highly meticulous and detailed and seeks to develop new concepts which have meaningful applications for social entities; a doctoral level dissertation is around 200 pages. PhD programs can be taken up after post-graduation in the subject stream same as in the post graduate level. Right from the beginning of education life till post-graduation students are expected to understand and apply already established knowledge, they are tested on this already existing knowledge bank. At the doctoral level, researchers are expected to make an original contribution to knowledge in their area of specialization. Such knowledge is used by industries and organizations and taught in schools and colleges. The most important challenge facing the doctoral candidates is identification of a novel research idea or problem and stating it in concrete terms. This stage is most important as thereafter the entire research work would get planned according to the research problem. This stage is difficult as the researcher needs to be thorough regarding his/her context, its past, present and future directions and avoid repeating research work which have been carried out by past researchers, also if the researcher has multiple novel research ideas, a choice has to be made keeping in mind certain criteria such as contribution scope, degree of originality, resources requirement and availability, constraints. During a doctoral program a candidate learns how to apply research method for detailed research and an in-depth understanding of research methodology is required to properly design the research work. Doctoral research is different from applied research; applied research is taken up by organizations and firms to tackle a particular business situation which they are facing. Doctoral research is more fundamental as it aims to develop concepts and theories which can be used in application research.
